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About The Dalles weekly chronicle. (The Dalles, Or.) 1890-1947 | View Entire Issue (Sept. 29, 1900)
MKHAT HI P 0) PARTY (0) GAM OTP? 9 u a ataia ' " iBhabltaata ef the terri .... hereby ceded to the I'd! ted 8uie M determined by the Coagresa." Eleven days thereafter, Dec. 21, the fob lawtag direction waa (tees to tat eonisaand- ef our force 1b tbt Philippines: -The military rommander of the failed Stale a enjulued to make known ta th ln ,,oltat of Hit Philippine Island that, la . t - t. rha initr:t. at Knain I a neeeeuiL-B . KrlDf tht former political reiatioaa or tot laSabltaatB aua io esiaimsuing a irw polit ical rower, tht autborltj of tht United lutes la to bt exerted (or tht aecurlng of tbt person aoo property oi iat peopit or the laianda and (or tbt confirmation of all tbelr private righte and relation. It win ta tbt duty of tht commander of tbt force ,( occupation to announce and proclaim la ike Dost public manner that we come not li invadere or conquerors, but aa friends, to srOteCt tDe OailTea iu luru avuiri, Bloyuienta and IB their peraonal and re- Hjioua rights. Sent Cemnsleeion. Is erder to facilitate tbt moat ho mine, IftflC and enective exicusiou i iiriu'ini; 'trough-tit these islands, and to secure, with tbt least FOsib!e ot'lllT' lhe b'nflt of vlte and generous protection of life and roD-rty to the Inhabitants. 1 appointed In Jtauary, ISM. commission consisting of j.cob Gould Schurman of New York. Ad miral George Dewey, U. 8. N.; Charlea Iienby of Indiana, Professor Dean C. Wor cester of Michigan, and Major General El avil B. Otis, U. 8. A. Their Instructions tontalned the following: "la the performance of thli duty the cotn ajlatloners art enjoined to meet at tht artiest possible day In the city of Manila, sad to announce by public proclamation Ibelr presence and the mission Intruated to tbem, carefully settlrg forth that, while tht military government already proclaimed la to be maintained and continued so long aa aecesslty may require, efforts will bt made to alienate the burden of taxation, to estab liib Industrial and commercial prosperity, and to provide for the safety of persons and f property by such inpans at may ba found conducive to those end. Given Carefnl Instruction. "The commissioner will endeavor, with out Interference with the military authori ties of the United State now In control of the Philippine, to ascertain what ameliora tion In the cotnlitlon of the Inhabitants and what Improvements In public order may be practicable, and for this purpose they will study attentively the existing social and po litical ante of the varlotia populations, par ticularly as regards the forms of local gov ernment, the administration of Justice, the collection of customs and other taxes, the Brass of traiiKportatlon, and the need of public Improvements. They will report the results of their observations and reflections, and will recommend such execu tive action as ma from time to time seem to them wise oud useful. "The commissioners art hereby authorized to confer authoritatively with any persons resident In the Islands from whom they may believe themselves able to derive Informa tion or suggestions valuable for the pur poses of tbelr commission, or whom they may choose to employ as agents, as may be secessary for this purpose. Avoided Marsh Measures. "It Is my desire that In all their relations with the inhabitants of the Islands the com Bilssloncrs exercise due respect for all the Ideals, customs and Institutions of tbt tribes which compose the population, emphasizing pon all occasions the Juat and beneficent lu lentions of the government of tht I'ulted States. "It Is also my wish and expectation that fh commissioners may be received In manner due to tbe honored and authorized representatives of tbt American Republic, fuly commissioned on account of their knowledge, skill and Integrity aa bcarera of the good will, the protection and tht richest blessings of a liberating rather than a con .tiering nation." On the Gib of February, 1809, tht treaty was ratified by the Senate of the United dates, and the Congress Immediately ap propriated t20,CK)0,O00 to carry out Its pro visions. The ratifications were exchanged ky the United States and Spain on tbe 11th tf April, lMiti- At early at April, 1800, tbe Philippine commission, of which Dr. Schurman was president, endeavored to bring about peace In the Islands by repeated conferences with leading Tagnlogs representing tbe to-called Inanrgent government, to tbe end that some general plan of government might bt offered them which they would accept. Pleated the Native. great was tbt satisfaction of tht Insur ant commissioner with tbt form of gov ernment proposed by tbt American com aumloiicrs that the latter submitted tbe ronosed scheme to me for approval, and my "''Ion i hereon la shown by tbe cable mca ge following;: "May ft, lhli'.l. Schurman, Manila! Yonrt "b received. Yon are authorized to propoae hat, under tbe military power of tbe Presl '"it, pending action of Congress, govern ment of the Philippine laianda shall conalst f a governor general appointed by tht ''resident, cabinet appointed by the govern or general, a general advisor) council elect ed by the people, tht quallflcatlone of elect fa to be carefully considered and deter mined, and the governor general to bavt ab olute veto. Judiciary atrong and Inde pendent, principal Jndgea appointed by tbt 'resident. Tht cabinet and Jndget to bt chosen from natives or Americana, or both, svlng regard to fitness. "The President earnestly desires th eeesa- 'b of bloodshed anef that tbe peopit of tbe I'blllppliie Islnnda at o early date shall ve the largest measure of local aelf gov ernment consistent with peact and good rder. Signs of Treachery. . 'be latter part of May another group r represent atlrea came from tbt Insurgent leader. The whole matter waa fully dla ensed with them and promise of acceptance seemed near at band. They assured our oninilsslotiera they would returo after con "dtlng .lih their leader, but they never did. a result of the vlewa expressed by tht rat Tagalog representative fsvorsble to tbt of the commission. It appenra that he "s, by military order of tht Inaurgent 'sder, stripped of his shoulder atrapa, dis missed from tbt army and sentenced to wrive yeara' Imprisonment. The views of tbe rommlssloa art beet Bet ""lb In their own worda: "Deplorable aa war It. th one la which are now engaged waa onavoldablt by ns. Wert attacked by bold, aertatorou othusiaatlc army. No aiteraatltt waa leit to ua except Ignominious retreat. Hatl to Beaaala. It la aot to bo coaceived of that any Auertcaa would have Moetieaed the aur render of Manila to the Insurgent. Our ob ligations to other aatlona and to the friendly Ullplnoe a ad to ourselves and our Bag de- -..ura mat tore should bt met with force. Whatever tht future of tho Phlltnntn m.. be. thert la no count open to na bow except proaecutioa of tkt war antil tka lasur- genta are reduced to aubmlssloa. "The eommlsaloa It of tht ealnlsa that thert has been ao time since the destruction or tht Spanish aquadroa by Admlrhl Dewev whea It waa poMlble to withdraw our torcea irons the lalaada either with honor to our aelvea or with aafety to the Inhabltanta." After tht most thorough study of tht peo ple of tht archipelago th commission re ported, among other thlnra: "Their lack of education and political ex perience, combined with their racial and linguistic diversities, disqualify them. In apltt of their mental gift tod domestic vir tue, to undertake tbe task of governing tbt annipeiago at tht present time. The most that . .... . . ..... v.u in eipectea or mem it to co-oper ate who in American In th administra tion of general affaire, from Manila aa a center, and to undertake, aubtect to Amer ican control or guidance (aa may be found necessary) the administration of provincial and municipal affalra. Would Invito 1...,!,. 'Shonld our power by any fatality be withdrawn, th commission believes that the government of the Philippines would ped Hy lapse Into anarchy, which would exenae. if It did not necessitate, th Intervention of other powers, and th eventual dlv'slon of th Islands among them. Only through American occupation, therefore, la the Idea of a free, aelf-governlng and united Philip pine commonwealth at all conceivable. "Thua the welfare of th Filipinos coin cides with the dlctatea of national honor In forbidding our abandonment of th archi pelago. W cannot from any point of view escape tho responsibilities of government which our sovereignty enta'.la, and th com mission la strongly persuaded that the per formance of our national duty will prove the greatest blessing to th people of tbe Philippine Islands." Satisfied that nothing further conld be ac complished In pursuance of their mission until the rebellion waa suppressed, and de siring to place before th Congress th re sult of their observations, I requested tbe commission to return to th United States. Their most Intelligent and comprehensive report, was submitted to Congress. Dutiea of tbe Commission. ! March, 1900, believing that the Insur rection was practically ended and earneatly desiring to promote tbe establishment of a stable government In the archipelago, I ap pointed the following civil commission: William II. Taft of Ohio, Profeaaor Dean C. Worcester of Michigan, Luke I. Wright of Tennessee, Henry C. Ide of Vermont, and Bernard Mosea of California. My Instruc tions to them contained the following: '"You (the Secretary of War) will Instruct tbe commission to devote their at tention In th drat Instance to tbe establish ment of municipal governments. In which the native of the lslsnds, both in th cities and In tbe rural communities, ahall be af forded the opportunity to manag their own local affalra to the fullest extent of which they are capable and subject to tbe least de gree of supervision and control which a care ful atudy of their capacities and observation of tbe workings of native control ahow to be consistent with the maintenance of law, or der and loyalty. Await the Report, "Whenever tbe commission la of the opin ion that tht condition of affairs In tbt Isl ands la such that tbe central administration may aafely bo transferred from military to civil control tbey will report ihat conclu sion to you (the Secretary of War), with their persooal recommendations as to tbe form of central government to be estab lished for tbe purpose of taking over the control. "liegiiinlng with the 1st dsy of Septem ber, luuO, tbe authority to exercise, subject to my approval through the Secretary of War, that part of the power of government In th Philippine Islands which Is of a leg islative nature ia to be transferred from tbt military governor of tht Islands to this com mission, to be thereafter exerclaed by them in tbe place and atead of tbe military gov ernor, under auch rules and regulations aa you (the Secretary of War) ahall prescribe, until tbe establishment of tbe civil central government for tbt Islauda contemplated la the last foregoing paragraph or until Coa great ahall otherwise provide. LeajlBlative Authority. "Eierclce of this legislative authority will Include th making of rules and orders hav ing th effect of law for tht raining of reve nue by taxes, customs duties and imposts; the siinronrlstlon and expenditure ef the public funds of the Islands; 'he establish ment of an educational system thronghont the lslsnds; the establishment of a system to secure an efficient civil aervlce; the or ganization and establishment of courts; the organization and establishment of municipal and departmental governments, anil all other matters of a civil nature of which the military governor Is now competent to pro vide by rules or orders of a legislative char acter. Tbe commission will a no uavt power during the tame period to appoint to office such urticers under the Jndlcl.il. edu cational and civil service systems and In the municipal and departmental governmenta as shall bt provided." Utile for tbe Interim. Until Coogreaa shall take action I directed that: i;non everr division and branch of tht government of the Philippine must be Im posed these inviolable rules: That no per son shall be deprived of life, liberty or prop erty without due process of law; that pri vate property shall not be taken for pnblle use without Just compensation: that In all criminal prosecutions the accused sball en- oy the right to a apeeuy ana punnc inai, to Informed of tbe nature and cans of the accusation, to be conironieu wun ine wit nesses against him, to bavt compulsory tirnivu for olitalulnc witnesses In his favor. and to have tbe assistance nf counsel for bis defense; that excessive ball ahall not bt re quired, nor excessive Ones Imposed, nor cruel and unusual puulsbment Inflicted; that no person aliall Do put twice in jeonsray tor ine Snttie Oliense, Or W ruuiwitrM m muw tiiuii- unl case to be a witness against himself; lhat the right to be secure against unreason i.ia searchers and seizures shall not be vio lated; that neither alavery nor luvnlnntary servitude sball exist except ss a punishment for crime; that no bill of attainder or ex post facto law shall lie passed: that no law shall be passed abridging the freedom of speech or of the press, or the rights of the people to pesreahiy assemoir mu rrI,ll,,u " aowru uient for a reilresa of grlevancea; that no law ahall be made respecting the establish ment of religion or prohibiting the free ex ercise thereof, and that the free exercise and ifhjojnient of reliitlotis profession snd worship without illscrlmlnstlon or prtftr euce shall forever bt allowed. I xtencllntT Kdnctit Ion. 'It will be the duty of tht commission t protnott tod extend, and, aa tbev Bud occa sion to Improve", the system of edueatloa already Inaugurated by the mllltsry stiiborl lles la doing Ibis they should regsrd ss of rat laaportaac tbt txttaaloa ( ayatena of primary education which ahall be fret to all, and which shall tend to til iht people for tbe dutiea of cliiaenshlp. aad fur the or dinary a rotations of a clvlliaed community. Esperial attention abould be at once glvea to affording full opportunity to all the people of th islands to acquire the use of the English language. a a "Upon all omcers and etuploves ef the United State, both civil and military, should be Impressed sense of the duty to observe not merely the material but the per sonal aad social rlghia of th people of tbe laianda, and to treat them with the as me courtesy and reapect for their peraonal dig alty which th people of the United States are accustomed te require from each other. All Pled area Kept. The articles of capitulation of the City of maana on toe 13th or August. 1SU8, con eluded With theaa aineila! "Thla elt Ita In habitant, Its churches, and religious wor- uip, ns eaucationai esraDllshniente ana Ita pnaie property of all descriptions, are placed under tbe special safeguard of tbe laim ana nonor or tne American army. "I believe that thla pledge haa ben faith fully kept. Aa high and aacred aa obligation rests upon the government of the I lilted Btatea to give protection for proerty and life, civil and religlona freedom, and wise, firm and naselSsb guidance la the patha of peace and prosperity to all the people of the Philippine Island.' I charge thla commis sion to labor for tbe full performance of this obligation, which concerna the honor and conscience of their countrv, lu the firm hope that through their labors all tht Inhabitants of the Philippine Islands may come to look back with gratitude to the day when iod gave victory to American arma at Manila and set their laud under the sovereignty and the protection of the people of the United Stales." Am neat y Proclaimed. That all might ahare In the regeneration of the Islands and participate In their gov ernment, I directed ien. MacArthur, the military governor of the Philippines, to Is sue a proclamation of amnesty, which con tained among other statemenla tbe follow ing: "Manila, P. I., June 21, 1900.-Bv direction of th President of the United Suites lhe undersigned announces amnesty, with com plete Immunity for the past anil absolute liberty of action for the future, to ail per sons who are now, or at any time since Keb. 4, 1809. hare been In Insurrection against the United Slates In either a mili tary or civil capacity, and who ahall, within a period of ninety days from the dale there of, formally renounce all connection with such Insurrection and subscribe to a dec- New forestry regulation give Impetus to ttuioer trade aad reduce high price of lum ber. The customs collections for last quar ter M pr rent greater thaa ever la Spauish history, and August cotlectlona show fur ther increase, 'the total revenue for same period one third greater thaa la any quarter under Spaia. though cedula tax chief sourc of Spaoih reveuue. practically abolished. "Kcouomy and efficiency of military gov ernment have created surplus fund ef A iHs.is. which should be expended la much ueeded public works, notably improvement of Manila harbor. With proper tar iff aad facilities Manila will become great port of Orient." The commission I confident that "by a luillcloua customs law. reasonable land tax and proper corporation franchise tax. Im position of no greater rate than that la tbe average American Mat win give lesa an noyance and with peace will r-roduoe reve nue sufficient to pay expeuses of efficient government, Including militia and constabu lary. ' No 8i of Alliance. Tbey "are preparing a atrlngent civil aer vle taw giving equal opportunity to Fili pinos and Americans, with preference for tbe former where qualthYatlona are equal, to enter at tbe lowest rank aud by promotion reach the head of tbe department. Kortv-Bve mllea of railroad extension under negotiation will give accesa to a large province rich in valuable minerals, a mile high, with atrlctly temperate climate. Kallroad construction will give employment to nianv and communication will furnlah a market to vast atretcbes of rich agricultural lands." Tbey report that there are "rails from all parta of the Islands for public aclioois, school supplies and Kogllsh teachers, greater than the commission can provide until a comprehensive school system Is organized. Night schools for teaching English to adulta are being established In response to popular ileinsnil. .Native cniiuren snow aptuuue iu lesrnlng Ungllsh. Spanish la apoken by a small fraction of tbOVpeople, and In a few yeara tbe medium of tpniinunlcatlon In tbe court, public oillces a between uitrerem tribe will be Uugllsb or.t Working for I ltnanl ty. Preatton of central government within eighteen month", under which substsutlally all rights described In tbe bill of rights In Hie federal constitution are to be aecured to the people of tbe Philippines, will bring to them coiiteutiiient, prosperity, education and political eullghtenment." This sliowa to my countrymen what na been and 1 being done to bring th benefit of liberty auu gooa government 10 uiese nurds of the nation. Every effort ba been Striking Phrases from President McKinley's Letter. It will be noted that the (Democratic) demand Is for the Immediate restora tion of the free coinage of sliver at Id to 1. If another Issue Is paramount, thla la Immediate. It will admit of no delay and will suffer no postponement. a a We accept the Issue and sgsln Invite the sound money forces to Join In win ning snother and we hop a permanent triumph for an honest financial aystein which will continue Inviolable tbe public faith. a a It Is our purpose to establish In the Philippines a government suitable to the wsnts snd conditions of the Inhabitants, snd to prepare them for self-government, and to give them self-goverument when they art ready for It, and aa rapidly as they are ready for It. There has been no time since the destruction of the enemy's fleet when we could or should have left the Philippine archipelago. After the treaty of peace was ratified no power but Congress could surrender our sovereignty or alienate foot of the territory thus acquired. a a a Every effort has been directed to their (Filipinos) pence and prosperity, their advancement and well-being, not for our aggrandizement or for pride of might, not fur trade or commerce, not for exploitation, but fur humanity aud civilization. a a The American question Is between duty and desertion. The American verdict will be for duty and agalust desertion, for the republic against both anarchy and Imperialism. a a a Honest co-operation of capital Is necessary to meet new business conditions, and extend our rapidly Increasing foreign trade, but conspiracies and combina tions Intended to restrict buslntss, create monopolies aud control prices abould be effectively restrained. a a a For labor a short day is better than a short dollar. a a a Unless something unforeseen occurs to reduce our revenues or Increase our ex penditures, the Congress at Its next session should reduce taxation very ma terially. a a a We ought to own the ships frir our carrying trade with the world, and w ought to build them In American shipyards and man them with American sailors. Inrsttnn acknowledge- and accenting the sovereignty nnd authority or tne i nncu States in ana over tne i nnippine isiauus. The Drlvlleo-e herewith published Is ex tended lo all concerned without auy reser vation whatever, excepting that persons who hara violated the laws of war during the period of active hostilities are not emuraccu within tne acope or tnia amnesty. l'ay Offered tor Kifles. "In order lo mltlgrate as much as possible consequeuces resulting rrom tne various ins turbaucea which since hW bavt succeeded each other so rapidly, and to provide In some measure for destitute Filipino soliliera dnrlng the transitory period which must Inevitably tocceed a general peace, the mili tary autnoritie or tne lunea oiaiea mu pay 80 pesos to each man who preaent a rine lo gooa conumou. Under their instructions the commission eoiiioosed of reoresentatlvc Americana ol dlttereat sections of the country and from different political parties, whoae character and anility guarantee tne most xaiiuiui in telligence and patriotic service, art now lahorin to eetabliah atablt government un der civil control, In which tht Inhabltanta tbsH participate, giving inem opportunity to demonstrate how far they art prepared for aert government. Onotes the Commission. This commission, nnder datt of Aug. 21, 1900, makes an Interesting report, from which I quote the following extracta: "Hostility against Americans waa orig inally arotised by absurd falsehoods of un scrupulous leaders. Tht distribution of troepa In 800 posts haa by contact largely dispelled hostility, and steadily Improved temper of people. This Improvement la fur thered by abuses of Insurgents. Large num bers of people long for peace snd art willing to accept government under tht United 8'l'nanrgenta not surrendering after defeat divided luto amall guerrilla bands under gen eral ofllcers or became robbers. Nearly all of the prominent generals and politicians of the Insurrection, except Aguinaldo, havt since been captured or have surrendered and taken the oath of allegiance. 'All northern Luton, except two province, ubtntllly free from insurgent. Peopit busy plsntlug, and asking for municipal or- fanfsatlon. Railway and telegraph lines rem Manila to Dagupan, 123 miles, not mo lested (or live months. Plans Native Militia. "Tagalog alone active In leading guerrilla arsrfere. In Negros, Cebu, Homblon, Mas bst. 8lbnyan, Tsblas, Bohol and other phll Ipplot lslsnds little rilsturbsnce exists, and civil government eagerly awaited. "Four yeara of war and lawlessness la parts of lslsnds hsve created unsettled con- onions. Native constsoutary ana militia, which should be organized st once, will end this and the terrorism to which de fenseless peopit ar subjected. Tbe natives desire to enlist In these organisations. If Judiciously selected snd oftlcered, will he efficient forces for maintenance of order, and will permit early material reduction of United Htatea troooa. "Turning lslsnds over to cnterio of Tsga log politicians will blight fair prospects of enormous Improvement, drive out capital, makt lift and property secular and relig ious most Insecure; banish by fesr of cruel proscription consldersble body of conserva tive Filipinos who have sided Americans In well-rounoeil oener tnat meir people "' UOl UUW Hi i"l " 1 aw, n mm . , , dnce same oppression and corruption which existed In all provinces nndrr Mslolos In surgent government during the e'gln ninn hs of Its control. The result will be factional strife between lesions leaders, chaos and anarchy, and will require and Justify active Intervention of our government or to ins other. Trad Follows Peace. "Bnslness Interrupted bv wsr mneh Im proved as peact extends. In Negroe mart sugar la cultlvatlea thaa tvar btfurt. directed to their pence and prosperity, their advancement and well-Jjelng. not for our ag grandizement nor for pride of might, not for trude or commerce, not for exploitation, but for humanity and civilization, and for the protection of the vast majority of the popu lation who welcome our sovereignty against the designing minority whose first demand after tbe surrender of Manila by the Span ish' army was to enter tbe city that they iniuht loot It and destroy those not In aym pathy with their teitlsb and treacherous de slgus. Civil Bervlce to Rule. Nobody who will avail himself of the facta will longer hold that there waa any alliance between our soldiers and the Insurgents or that any promise of Independence waa made to them. Long before Ibelr leader bad reached Manila they had reaolved. If the commander of tbe Amertcau navv would give them arma with which to right the Spanish army, they would later turn upon us, which they did murderously and without the shadow of cause or Justification. There may be those without (he means of full Information who believe that we wert In alliance with the Insurgents nnd that wt issured them that they should have Inde pendence. To such let me repent the facta: On the 20th of May, IkiiS, Admiral Dewey was Instructed by tne to make no alliance with any party or faction lu the Philippines that would Incur liability to maintain their cause in tne ruture, and he replied under date of June G, 1MI8: "Have acted according to spirit of depart- UltTMl lunuu, HUH. liUlll llir I II II 1 n g, 1110 I have entered Into no alliance with the In surgents or wltb any faction. Thia aquadron can reduce the defenses of Manila at any moment, but It Is considered useless until the arrival of sufficient Lulled States forces to retain possession. Denies Any Compact. In tht report of tbe first Phlllnolne com. mission, submitted on Nov. 2, ltitif, Admiral Dewey, one of Its members, said: "No alliance of any kind waa entered Into with Aguinaldo nor was any promise of in dependence msde to him st any time." General Merrttt arrived In tht Philippines on July 23, 198, and a dispatch from Ad miral Dewey to tht government at Wash ington tald: "Mtrrltt trrlved yesterday. Situation It moat critical at Manila. The Snanlsh mav surrender at any moment. Mtrrttt'a most difficult problem will be how te deal with tht Insurgents under Aguinaldo, who bavt become aggressive and even threatening to- waru uur army. Here Is revealed the spirit of tht Insur gents as early as July, lhlis, before the pro tocol wss signed, while wt were still en gaged In active wtr with Spain. Even then the Insurgents were tbrestenlng our army. Filipinos Took No Part. rin in. 11 If a n ! ! . wem Mnlu.ul m - A H thla and snbsequent event tb Philippine commission says: hen the city or Manna waa taken. An. 13, tbe Filipinos took no part In tht attack, hnt came folltwiug In with t view to loot ing the city and wert only prevented from doing to by ur forces preventing t hem from entering. Agnlnaldo claimed that he had the right to occupy the city. He demaBded of General Merrltt the palace of Malacan n for himself and tbe cessloo of all the churches pf Manila, also that a part of the money taken from the Spaniards as spoils of wsr should be given up. and. above all. that he should bs given the arms of the Spanish prisoners. All these demands were refused. Nn Promises Made. Generals Merrltt, Greene and Anderson. who were In command st the beginning of Feb. 10. 1900. says that be waa present st the Interview beiweea Admiral Dewey and law Insurgent leader. a- 'hat la this Inter view Admiral Dewey made oe promises whstever. He sdds: ' He (Aguinaldo) asked me If nv govern Bient was going ta recognise his govern meut. 1 answered that I was there simply la a military capacity ; that 1 could But ac knowledge hla government, because 1 had ao authority te du so.' Kasy to Kin J Fa alt. tVon'd not eur adversaries hare sent Dewey s Beet to Man ia to capture and de stroy the Spanish sea power there, or. dis patching It there, would they have with drawn it after tht destruction of tht Span ish Beet; and If the latter, wh.ther would tbey have directed to eaii? Where could It have gone? What port la tbe Orient was opened to It? Do our adversaries condemn the expedi tion under tht command of General Merrltt to atrengtheo Dewey In the distant ocean and asaiat In our triumph over Spain, with which nation we wert at arf Was It not our blgheat duty to strike Spain at every vulnerable point, tbat tbe war might be successfully concluded at tht earliest prac ticable niouicnt! Askt for Hoaeat Opinion. And waa It not our duly to protect tht lives tnd property of those who came within eur control by tbe fortuuea of war? Could we hsve come awav at any time between May 1, lf'.iS, and tbe conclusion of peace without a stale upon our good name? Could we hsve come awjiy without dishonor at any time after tht railflcatlou of tbe peace treaty by the Senate of tbe I nlted plates? There haa been no time since the destruc tion of tht enemy's fleet when we could or should have left the Philippine archipelago. Afier the treaty of prace was rat I tied nn power but Congresa could surrender our soveretguty or alienate a foot of the terri tory thua acquired. Tht Congress has not seen fit to do tht one or the other, tnd the President had no authority to do either. If he had been so Inclined, which he was not. So loua as the soverelantv remains In ua It It the duty of the ezecutlve. whoever he mav he. to uuuoia tnat sovereta-nty. aim ir it be attacked te suppress its aasailauta. Wou'd our political adrei'ssrlea do lesa? Hegan by Inaurireuta, It baa been asserted tbat there would have been no fighting In tbe Philippines If Con greas had declared Ita purpose to give Inde pendence to the Tagal Insurgents. The iu surgents did not wait for the action of Con gress. Tbey assumed the offensive, they opened Are on our army. Those who assert our responsibility for tne beginning or tbe connlct have forgotten tnat before the treaty waa railned In tne Senate, nnd while It waa being debated lu tbat body, and while the Bacon resolution was under discussion, on Keb. 1, 1SW, the insurgents attacked tbe American army, after being previously advised that the American forcea were uuder orders not to Art upon them except In defense. 1 be pa per found In the recently captured archlvea of tbe Insurgents demonstrate that this at tack bad been carefully planued for weeks uerort it occurred. Only One Course Open. Their unprovoked assault upon our sol dlers at a time when the Sennte was dellb crating upon the treaty shows that no ac tion on our part except surrender and aban donment would have prevented the righting, and leave no doubt In any fair mind where the responsibility rests for the shedding of American blood. Wltb all the exaggerated phrasemaklng of this electoral contest, we are In danger of being diverted from the renl contention. We are In agreement with all of those who sup ported tne war with Spain, nnd also with those who counseled the ratification of the treaty of peace. I'pon these two great es sentlul atena there can be no Issue, and out of these came all of our responsibilities. If others would shirk the obligations Imposed by the war aud the treaty, we must decline to act further with them, and here the Issue was made. It Is our purpose to establish In the Philip pines a government suitable- to tbe wants and conditions of tbe Inhabitants, and to prepnre them for self government, and to give them self government when they ire ready for It, nnd as rapidly aa tbey tire ready for It. That 1 am niiiilng to do under my constitutional authority, and will con tlniie to do until Congress shall determine the political status or the luhabltaiila or tbe rcliipetago. Plea for Consistency. Are our opponents apalnst the treaty? If so, they must lie reminded that It could not have been ratified In the Senate but for their assistance. The Senate which ratified the treaty and the Congresa which added Its sunctlon by a large appropriation comprised to another power. lith Is ultiioot eiperl vnce or tralmag or the at illij lo m:il rain stable government st home and absolutely helpless to pert.. i in Its iuiernailoual obliga tions with the rest vf the world. Will Defend Our Title. To thla w are opposed. We should not yield our till abbe our ol-ll.r l..tn last. In the language of our platform, "line au thority should not be less than our repoul billty." aud our preaeut responsibility is l. establish our authority lu every part of the Islauda. No government can certainly preserve the peace, reamre public order, establish law, justice aud stable conditions at ours. Neither Congress nor ibe !. uilve can es tablish a stable government lu these lslsnds except under uur right of sovereignty, our authority snd our Bag. Aud Ibis we are do ing We could not do it as a protectorate power so completely or so suecrssfuUv a we us doing It now. As tbe sovereign power we csn liilllste sctlon snd shspe means to ends, sud guide tbe Filipinos to self development and self government. As a protectorate power we could not Ini tiate scl Ion. but would be compelled to fol. low and uphold a people with no capacity yet to go alone. In the one case we can pro tect bulb ourselves and the Filipinos from being involved In dangerous complications; In the other we could not protect even th Klllpluoa uutli after Ibelr trouble bud come. Content of tbe C.overned. Resides, If w cannot establish any gov. eminent of our on without the consent of the governed, a our opponents contend, then we could not establish a stable govern ment for them or make ours a protectorate llhom the like consent, and neither the ii.a purity of the people uor a minority of th people bate Invited us to assume It. w t could not maintain a protectorate even with the consent of Ibe goterued without giving provocation for coLtlli t aud possibly cosily wars. Our rights In the Philippines are now free from outside Interference and will continue so in our present relations. They would not lie thus free In any other relation. We will not glte up our owu to guaraulee auotlu-r sovereignty. Our title is good. Our peace commission ers believed they were receiving n good title when they concluded the treaty. The execu tive believed It was a good title when he submitted It to the Senate of the l ulled States for Us rat itlcstlou. The Senate be lieved It was a good title wbcu they gave It their constitutional assent, and tbe Con gresa seems not lo hare doubted Its com pleteness when t lie v appropriated '-0,00 i,0 SJ provided by the treaty. Title I Unqueationahle. If tny who favored Us ratification belleve.l It gave us a bad title Ihcv were not sincere. Our title Is practically identical with that under which we bold our territory acquired since tbe beginning of Ibe government, an I uudcr which we have exercised full sov- ereignty and established government for the innniutantt. .It Is worthy of note that no one outside of the United Slates disputes the fullness and Integrity of tbe cession. What, then. Is tht real Issue ou this subject? Whether It I paramount lo any other or not. It Is whether we shall be responsible for the government of the Philippines, with lhe sovereignty nud authority wMch enables us to guide them to regulated liberty, law, safety nml progress, or wnelher we shall be responsible for tlm forcible and arbitrary government of a mi nority, without sovereignty and sulliorltr ou our part, aud wlih only the embarrass ment of a protectorate, which draws us Into their troubles without the power of prevent ing them. (lliratinna of War. There were those who two years ago were rushing us on to war nlth Spain who are unwilling now to accept Its cleur conse queuces, as Ihere are those among us whit ndvocated the ratification of the treaty of peace, but now protest against its obllga lions. Nut Ions which go to war must be prepared to accept Its resuliiint obligation, ami when they make treaties must keen them. Those alio profess to distrust the 1 1 he nil and honorable purposes of the ailmiul-itra- lion In Its treatment of the Philippines are not Justltied. Imperialism has no place Its Its creed or conduct. Freedom Is a rock up on which lhe Itepubllcnn pnrtv nns luilldcil and now rests. Liberty Is the great Itejiub'l- can doctrine for nhlch the people went it war alio Tor which a million lives were of fered nnd billions nf dollars expended 10 make it a lawful legacy of all Hlihout th consent of master or slave. Struin of Hypocrisy. There la a strain of 111 -concealed hrnocrlsv In the anxiety lo extend the constitutional K.n.lnn anil Uun...uiilallini ,.V 111, ii.mi . .......... ... ,1,. 11... i.i.ii i ....u.v.a .... . v m v. ..... .v. uni .inrrn ... inr (Tni)'ir ! Ill,- l ll 1 1 1 pll lll'l.. of all partleB. I while their nulliflcnl Ion I- openly nil vo.-nte.l vvoum uur upiioiieiiva surreiiuer 10 me in- ar nouie. jur oppun'-ni may u.s'ru-i ihe'.n- aurgeuts, abandon our sovereignty or cede It to them? If that be not their purpose, then It should be promptly disclaimed, for only evil can result from the hopes raised by our opponents In the miuds of the Filipinos, that with their kuccoss at the polls In November there will be a withdrawn! of our army and of American sovereignly over the arcltlpela selves, hut tlie.v have no rlL'ht lo discredit tbe good faith anil pat riot Ism of lh major ity of the people who are opposed to them. Tbey may fear the worst form of Imperial ism tilth the helpless Filipinos ill their bnmls, but If they do It Is bic.iuse lln-v have parted wlih the spirit and faith of the fath ers and have lost (lie vtrihtv of the fomulei-a fro, the complete Independence of tbe Taga-'of lhe pnrtv which ihev profess to represent, og people recognized and the powers of The Kopnlilloiin pnrtv doesn't have Ions government over all the other peoples of the; sert Its devotion to the Iieclnrnilon of I into, archipelago conferred upon the Tagalog pendence. That Immortal Instrument of the leader. Prolong; the Rebcll on. The effect of a belief In the minds of the Insurgents that thla will be done bas al ready prolonged the rebellion and Increases the necessity for the continuance of a lurge army. It la now delaying full peace In lhe archipelago and the establishment of civil governments, and haa Influenced many of the Insurgents against accepting the liberal terina of amnesty offered by lien. MacAnbur under my direction. Hut for these fnK liopea a considerable reduction could have ben had In our military establishment In the Philippines and the realization of a atable government would be already at hand. The American people are asked by our op ponents to yield tbe sovereignly nf the United States In the Philippines to a small fraction of the population, a single tribe nut of eighty or more lubnliiilng the archipelago, a faction which wantonly attacked tht American troops In Manila while In right ful possession under the protocol with Spain, awaiting the ratification of the treaty of peace by the Senate, and which bas since been in active, open rebellion ngjlnst lhe United States. We are asked lo transfer our aorerelgnty to a small minority In tbe fathers remained unexecuted mull lhe tieo- tilc, uuder the lend of the Kepubllcau parly In the aw ful clash of battle, turned Its prom ises luto fulfillment. It wrote lino the Con stitution lhe amendments guaranteeing po litical ei)tinllty to American cli leiishlp, unit It bas never broken them or counselled oth ers lu brooking lliein. It will not be guided In ita couiliicl by one set of princ iples at home nnd another set In the uew territory belonging to the United States. Doctrine nf l.inco'n. If our opponents would only practice a well as preach the doctrines of Abraham Lincoln there would be uo fear for the safe ty of our Institutions at home or their fright ful Influence In any territory over which our flag flouts. Umpire hns been expelled from Porto ltlee and the Philippines by American freemen. rl he fl.ig of the republic now flous over these islands ns nn -emblem of rightful sovereign ty. Will t lie republic slsy and dispense to their Inhabitants tbe blessluus of liberty, education and free Institutions, or steal away, leaving them to anarchy or imperial Ism? The American question Is between duty anil desertion. The American verdict will Islands without consulting the majority and , be for duty nnd ngnlnsi de-en Ion. for th to abandon the largest portion of Ibe popu lailon, which has been loyal to ns, lo the cruellies of tht guerrilla Insurgent banda. Demands Cannot He Met. More than thla, we are asked to protect thlt minority lu establishing a government, and to thlt end represt all opposition of tht majority. We are required to aet up a ata blt government lu the Interest of those who havt assailed our sovereignty snd fired upon our soldiers, and then maintain it at any cost or sacrifice tgaiust its enemies within and against those hating ainblllc.ua deslgnt from without. Tbla would require an army and nary far larger than Is now maintained In Ibe Pblltp- Clnes and still more in excess of what will e necessary with the full recognition of our sovereignty. A mllltsry support of author ity not our own, aa thua proposed, la lhe vary essence of militarism, which our opponent In their platform oppose, but whlrb by their fmlicy would of necessity he established In ta most offlenslve term. No Premium on Murder. Tht American people will not make tht murdereri of our soldiers lhe agents of the republic to convey the blessings of liberty snd order to tbe Philippines. They will not make tbem tht bullilera of tht new common wealth. Such a course would be a betrayal of our sacred obligation! to tht peaceful I- III nlnos. and would place at the merer of dan gerous adventurers the lives and property of the natives nnd foreigners. It would make possible and easy tbe commission of such atrocltlea aa were secretly planned, to be executed on the 22d of February, 1 Sim, In the City of Manila, when only lhe vigilance of our army prevented the attempt to assas sinate our soldiers and all foreigners aid r Hinge aud destroy tbt city tnd Us auirouud n gs. lu short, the proposition or those opposed our occupation and until the surrender of 1 to us to continue all the obligations lu the Manila, state that there was no alliance with the Insurgents and no promise to them of Independence. On Aug. 17, IMP,, General Merrttt was Instructed that there must ! no Joint occupation nf Manila with tbe In- , eaestnta. Ueaeval Aadrraaa yadsr Aatt tf I Philippines which now rest upon the eoveru ment, only changing the relation from prin cipal, which now elta, to lhat of surety. Our responsibility Is to remain, but our pow er Is to be diminished. Our obligation Is In bt ao less, hut fir Uilt la te be turreadered Ifcnubllc against boih auarchy aud Imnerial- Isni. The country has been fully advised of Ibe purposes of the United States In China, and they will be faithfully adhered to as already defined. PufTerers In Peklri. The nation la Oiled wltb gratitude that the little band, among tbem many of our own blood, who for two months hnd been sub jected to privations and peril by the uttacks of pitiless hordes at the Chlnese'caplial, ex hibiting supreme courage In the face of de spair, have been enabled by tiorl's favor to greet their rescuers and Bad shelter under Ibelr own flag. The people not alone of this land, but of all lands, have watched and prnveil through, the terrible stress snd protracted agony of the helpless sufferers In Pekln: and while at times the dark lldlnga seemed to make all hope vain, the rescuers never falter. il lu tho heroic fulfillment of their noble tusk. We are grateful to our own soldiers aud sailors and marines, and to all the brave men who. though assembled under many standards, r pi'i sen' lug p. opb a and races s rangers In country and speech, were yet nulled In lhe sacred mission of currying succor to the be s'caed, wl'h a success that la now the cause of a world s rejoicing. Pasnlniz of ectlonnliam. Not only have w e reason for t h:in';g1rli'( Tor our material Ule-isiiu'S, nut we sio,i. re joice in the complete unliicat Ion of th- peo ple of ell sections of our eoun'rv that has so happily developed In lhe Inst few yenrs snd made for us a more perfci t union, l he obliteration of old dlflferenees, the common devotion to i lie? flr.g aud the cocmioti sue rltlces for Its honor, so eousplon.msiy shown by the men of llie North and SMrii l-i the Spanish w sr, hsve so renin hencil the fb of frteiulxhip anil mutual respect ilial noth ing cau ever saln divide us. 'lhe nation face the new century grate fully and hopefully, with Increasing h.re of country, with firm faiih In Its f.-e ItisMtu llons. and wlih hiuh resolve that tlicy "shall not perish from the earth." erv nspectfu. Ir youra. WILLIAM U ki.sLkl.